Rats were trained on an operant task and then received striatal lesions and grafts. Grafts were derived either from whole-ganglionic eminences or restricted to the lateral eminence. When retested 4 months later; graft-associated behavioural recovery was only apparent with extensive retesting. There was no difference in performance between rats that received whole-dissection or lateral-dissection grafts, and no correlation between performance and the amount of striatal-like (P-zone) tissue within the graft. It is suggested that P-zone reconstruction may be necessary, but not sufficient for behavioural recovery, which may additionally depend upon rehabilitative training.