Contrasting effects of catecholic and O-methylated tetrahydroisoquinolines on hydroxyl radical production

Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Sep 14;1434(1):64-73. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4838(99)00175-2.

Abstract

Tetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs) are intraneuronal, catecholamine-derived alkaloids that have been implicated in the etiology of Parkinson's disease and in alcohol related disorders. The in vitro production of the cytotoxic hydroxyl radical (*OH) was recorded during the autoxidation of salsolinol (SAL) and salsolinol-1-carboxylic acid (SAL-1C), but not when these two catecholic TIQs were oxidized by tyrosinase. Significantly higher levels of the radical were produced when these catecholic TIQs were incubated with *OH generating complexes, or with chelated iron. In contrast, mono-O-methylated TIQs such as salsoline (SLN) and salsoline-1-carboxylic acid (SLN-1C) did not generate *OH during autoxidation or when incubated with chelated iron or tyrosinase. Radical production by *OH-generating complexes was reduced in the presence of O-methylated TIQs. The neurotoxicity of TIQs may result from their propensity to autoxidize and generate reactive quinoids and ensuing oxygen radicals. The functional significance of the replacement of a hydroxyl group attached to C-7 of SAL or SAL-1C with a methoxyl group remains to be determined. This single structural modification may prevent mono-O-methylated TIQs from participating in catalytic redox cycling reactions that would otherwise augment *OH production. If true, then O-methylation and other cellular mechanisms that circumvent the autoxidation of catecholamine-derived TIQs may reduce the likelihood of these substances forming cytotoxic quinoids and influencing endogenous *OH-generating reactions.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Catechols / chemistry*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Hydroxyl Radical / chemistry*
  • Isoquinolines / chemistry*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Tetrahydroisoquinolines*

Substances

  • Catechols
  • Isoquinolines
  • Tetrahydroisoquinolines
  • Hydroxyl Radical
  • 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline