Regulation of receptor function by cholesterol

Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000 Oct;57(11):1577-92. doi: 10.1007/pl00000643.

Abstract

Cholesterol influences many of the biophysical properties of membranes and is nonrandomly distributed between cellular organelles, subdomains of membranes, and leaflets of the membrane bilayer. In combination with the high dynamics of cholesterol distribution, this offers many possibilities for regulation of membrane-embedded receptors. Depending on the receptor, cholesterol can have a strong influence on the affinity state, on the binding capacity, and on signal transduction. Most important, cholesterol may stabilize receptors in defined conformations related to their biological functions. This may occur by direct molecular interaction between cholesterol and receptors. In this review, we discuss the functional dependence of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as well as different G protein-coupled receptors on the presence of cholesterol.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Membrane / chemistry*
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism*
  • Cholesterol / metabolism*
  • Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Protein Conformation
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / chemistry
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Cholecystokinin / chemistry
  • Receptors, Cholecystokinin / metabolism
  • Receptors, Galanin
  • Receptors, Neuropeptide / chemistry
  • Receptors, Neuropeptide / metabolism
  • Receptors, Nicotinic / chemistry
  • Receptors, Nicotinic / metabolism
  • Receptors, Oxytocin / chemistry
  • Receptors, Oxytocin / metabolism
  • Rhodopsin / chemistry
  • Rhodopsin / metabolism

Substances

  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Receptors, Cholecystokinin
  • Receptors, Galanin
  • Receptors, Neuropeptide
  • Receptors, Nicotinic
  • Receptors, Oxytocin
  • Rhodopsin
  • Cholesterol
  • Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins