The Health Council of the Netherlands has published its advisory report on Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI). The report provides clear information on the state of this syndrome, including the definition of the problem, the epidemiology, various hypothetical pathophysiological mechanisms, occupational and personal risk factors, and possible methods of treatment. The council states that with regard to the last aspect, too few data are available to draw any conclusion as to the most promising therapy. Nevertheless, patients should get consistent advice from their GP or company doctor. The council emphasises that encouraging physical exercise and eliminating any possible causative strain should be part of an integrated approach, embracing work-related psychosocial and personal issues. Of particular interest is the council's advice to prevent RSI by improving the physical condition and by selective training of muscle function. The report recommends that more research be carried out in order to provide insight into the effectiveness of the treatment of RSI.