This work presents a pharmacodynamic population analysis in chronic renal failure patients using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). In pursuit of an effective and cost-efficient strategy for drug delivery in patients with renal failure, two different types of ANN are applied to perform drug dose-effect modeling and their performance compared. Applied in a clinical environment, such models will allow for prediction of patient response to the drug at the effect site and, subsequently, for adjusting the dosing regimen.