The ability of the central nervous system to predict motor behaviour is a central issue in experimental and computational studies of motor control. The parietal cortex and the cerebellum have been proposed to play a role in sensorimotor prediction. Here we discuss the roles of these two brain regions in various aspects of sensorimotor prediction according to results of recent empirical studies using a variety of techniques including electrophysiology, psychophysics, functional neuroimaging and the investigation of neurological patients.