Gc protein-derived macrophage activating factor (GcMAF): isoelectric focusing pattern and tumoricidal activity

Anticancer Res. 2003 Nov-Dec;23(6a):4451-7.

Abstract

Background: Gc protein is the precursor for Gc protein-derived macrophage activating factor (GcMAF), with three phenotypes: Gc1f, Gc1s and Gc2, based on its electrophoretic mobility. The difference in electrophoretic mobility is because of the difference in its posttranslational sugar moiety composition.

Materials and methods: We compared the difference between Gc protein and GcMAF electrophoretic mobility using the isoelectric focusing (IEF) method. The tumoricidal activity of GcMAF-treated macrophage was evaluated after coculture with L-929 cell. The tumoricidal mechanism was investigated using TNF bioassay and nitric oxide (NO) release.

Results: The difference in Gc protein and GcMAF electrophoretic mobility was detected. The tumoricidal activity of GcMAF-treated macrophage was detected, but no release of TNF and NO was detected.

Conclusion: The difference of isoelectric focusing mobility in Gc protein and GcMAF would be useful to develop a GcMAF detection method. GcMAF increased macrophage tumoricidal activity but TNF and NO release were not involved in the mechanism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive / methods*
  • Isoelectric Focusing
  • Macrophage-Activating Factors / analysis*
  • Macrophage-Activating Factors / pharmacology*
  • Macrophages / drug effects*
  • Macrophages / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred ICR
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms, Experimental / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms, Experimental / immunology
  • Neoplasms, Experimental / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • Vitamin D-Binding Protein / analysis*
  • Vitamin D-Binding Protein / blood
  • Vitamin D-Binding Protein / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Macrophage-Activating Factors
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Vitamin D-Binding Protein
  • vitamin D-binding protein-macrophage activating factor
  • Nitric Oxide