Role of the Pyk2-MAP kinase-cPLA2 signaling pathway in shear-dependent platelet aggregation

Ann Biomed Eng. 2004 Sep;32(9):1193-201. doi: 10.1114/b:abme.0000039353.97347.28.

Abstract

Mechanisms of shear-induced platelet aggregation are not established. Data that ristocetin-induced von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding to glycoprotein (Gp) Ibalpha activates proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) has led to speculation that these events are coupled and that a MAP kinase may activate cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2)-mediated arachidonic acid (AA) release. To test this hypothesis and clarify the role of AA metabolism in shear-induced VWF-dependent platelet aggregation, we examined Pyk2, ERK1/2, and p38 phosphorylation, and arachidonic acid release and metabolism in platelets subjected to pathological shear stress in vitro. We observe tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2, p38, and ERK1/2 but no measurable increase in free AA, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, or thromboxane A2. Inhibitors of ERK, p38, or cyclooxygenase activation fail to affect shear-induced platelet aggregation. When washed platelets are aspirin-pretreated, arachidonic acid release becomes measurable and aggregation at 60 and 120 s is attenuated. These data indicate that shear-induced VWF binding to platelet GpIb-IX-V activates Pyk2, ERK1/2, p38, and cPLA2, but that the magnitude of these responses is below the threshold needed to enhance shear-induced VWF-dependent platelet aggregation in the presence of plasma. These results provide a mechanistic basis for the long-standing observation that shear-dependent platelet aggregation is unaffected by the antiplatelet drug aspirin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acetyltransferases / metabolism*
  • Arachidonic Acid
  • Aspirin / pharmacology*
  • Blood Platelets / drug effects
  • Blood Platelets / physiology*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / metabolism*
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 2
  • Humans
  • Mechanotransduction, Cellular / drug effects
  • Mechanotransduction, Cellular / physiology
  • Platelet Aggregation / drug effects
  • Platelet Aggregation / physiology*
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Shear Strength
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • Stress, Mechanical
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*

Substances

  • Transcription Factors
  • Arachidonic Acid
  • Acetyltransferases
  • HTATIP2 protein, human
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 2
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
  • Aspirin