A review of the four relevant language-related components in event-related brain potentials (ERPs) is provided. The different ERP components are functionally specified: the N400 component reflects semantic processes, the ELAN reflects early syntactic processes, the P600 reflects late syntactic reanalysis, and the CPS reflects aspects of prosodic processing. The neural generators of these components are discussed as well, both in the context of available brain imaging data and ERPs from lesion patient studies.