Glioblastoma is an uncommon cancer, but one that is disproportionately represented in mortality rates. Recent developments in adjuvant chemotherapy have regenerated enthusiasm for the treatment of this tumor. Ongoing translational and clinical research has led to a greater understanding of the biologic and molecular behavior and heterogeneity of this tumor. Recent shifts in treatment standards, as well as further selective individualizing of therapies based on molecular information, promise progress for this difficult-to-treat neoplasm.