Pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and ellagic acid in healthy volunteers fed freeze-dried black raspberries daily for 7 days

J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Oct;45(10):1153-64. doi: 10.1177/0091270005279636.

Abstract

Eleven subjects completed a clinical trial to determine the safety/tolerability of freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB) and to measure, in plasma and urine, specific anthocyanins-cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-xylosylrutinoside, as well as ellagic acid. Subjects were fed 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily for 7 days. Blood samples were collected predose on days 1 and 7 and at 10 time points postdose. Urine was collected for 12 hours predose on days 1 and 7 and at three 4-hour intervals postdose. Maximum concentrations of anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma occurred at 1 to 2 hours, and maximum quantities in urine appeared from 0 to 4 hours. Overall, less than 1% of these compounds were absorbed and excreted in urine. None of the pharmacokinetic parameters changed significantly between days 1 and 7. In conclusion, 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily are well tolerated and result in quantifiable anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma and urine.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anthocyanins / blood
  • Anthocyanins / pharmacokinetics*
  • Anthocyanins / urine
  • Area Under Curve
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Constipation / etiology
  • Ellagic Acid / blood
  • Ellagic Acid / pharmacokinetics*
  • Ellagic Acid / urine
  • Female
  • Freeze Drying
  • Fruit / adverse effects
  • Fruit / chemistry*
  • Glucosides / blood
  • Glucosides / urine
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Spectrometry / methods
  • Metabolic Clearance Rate
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Anthocyanins
  • Glucosides
  • cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside
  • Ellagic Acid