This study investigated whether receiving continuous regular care with the same primary care provider had an independent association with stage at diagnosis for head and neck cancers (HNCA) in a Medicare population. The study database (N = 10,662) linked files from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program 1991-2000 for patients with cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx with their files from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services Program. Continuity of care displayed a statistically significant independent association and dose-response pattern with stage at diagnosis when the provider was an internist but not a general or family physician. An independent statistically significant association between continuity of care with an internist and stage at diagnosis was found for oral cavity tumors (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.85; 95%CI = 0.73-0.99), but not pharyngeal tumors (AOR = 1.02; 95%CI = 0.74-1.41). Laryngeal tumors were borderline statistically significant at p-value = 0.07 (AOR = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.69-1.02). Regular continuous care from the same primary care provider displayed an independent association with early diagnosis of HNCA when the anatomic site was the oral cavity and the provider was an internist, but not when the provider was a general or family physician. Primary care physicians including general/family physicians may represent a relevant group for encouraging increased opportunistic HNCA screening efforts among their patients.