From selective to highly selective SSRIs: a comparison of the antinociceptive properties of fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram and escitalopram

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006 Aug;16(6):464-8. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.11.013. Epub 2006 Jan 18.

Abstract

Most Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) have been found to possess secondary binding properties, while citalopram and its S-enantiomer (escitalopram) have been reconfirmed "purest SSRIs". Using the mouse model of acute pain hotplate analgesia meter, we evaluated the antinociceptive properties of fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram and escitalopram, injected i.p. Fluvoxamine induced a dose-dependent clear antinociceptive effect (with an ED(50) value of 6.4 mg/kg). Both fluoxetine and citalopram induced (separately) only a weak antinociceptive effect with an inverse "U" shape curve. All three drug's effects were not abolished by naloxone. Escitalopram did not elicit any effect at quasi-equipotent doses. These findings show that fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and citalopram given i.p. are weak antinociceptors, (not mediated through opioid mechanisms), while escitalopram possesses no antinociceptive properties when injected i.p. This difference between citalopram and escitalopram calls for further studies in order to assess the various differences between the two enantiomers of citalopram, and between each enantiomer and the racemic mixture.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Citalopram / pharmacology*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Fluoxetine / pharmacology*
  • Fluvoxamine / pharmacology*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred ICR
  • Pain Measurement / drug effects
  • Pain Measurement / methods
  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Analgesics
  • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors
  • Fluoxetine
  • Citalopram
  • Fluvoxamine