School absenteeism and school refusal behavior are particularly difficult problems that school health professionals often face. Unfortunately, few recommendations are available to such professionals about how to address this population. In this article, we (1) outline the major characteristics of school absenteeism and school refusal behavior, (2) review school-based health programs that have been designed in part to reduce absenteeism, and (3) provide suggestions for school health professionals regarding individual youths with school refusal behavior.