The modern institutional review boards originated in the 1970s. They exist to protect human subjects participating in research from potential harm. The Belmont Report provided the ethical principles (respect for persons, beneficence, and justice) that should be observed while conducting research on human subjects. Compliance with the ethical principles of the Belmont Report is a first step in successful submissions to an institutional review board. Regulations regarding conflict of interest represent an attempt to ensure that research is not biased by financial or other interest and to maintain public trust.