Background: Although Helicobacter pylori infection is closely associated with gastric cancer development, follow-up studies after H. pylori eradication are still scarce.
Aim: To clarify the cancer preventive effect of H. pylori eradication, with special attention to differences in effect according to histology.
Methods: Patients who underwent H. pylori eradication therapy and were followed-up endoscopically for at least 1 year were analysed. The incidence of gastric cancer and factors associated with cancer development were investigated.
Results: A total of 1807 patients were enrolled. Six of 1519 H. pylori eradicated and five of 288 persistent subjects developed gastric cancer. Four of the eradicated subjects developed the intestinal type and two the diffuse type, while four of the persistent subjects developed the intestinal type and one the diffuse type. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated a significantly lower incidence in eradicated patients than in persistent patients. The incidence of intestinal type was significantly lower than in eradicated patients, while the diffuse type could not be evaluated because of the low incidence.
Conclusions: Helicobacter pylori-eradicated patients had a reduced incidence of gastric cancer compared with H. pylori-persistent patients, particularly the intestinal type, suggesting that H. pylori is strongly associated with intestinal-type gastric cancer.