It has been reported that proton pump inhibitors are more effective than H2 receptor antagonists in patients with functional dyspepsia. Dyspeptic symptoms that respond to proton pump inhibitors are classified as acid-related dyspepsia. A new questionnaire for assessing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the Frequency Scale for Symptoms of GERD, covers the 12 most common symptoms of GERD patients. A quantitative assessment of the changes of reflux symptoms and acid-related dyspepsia was made in GERD patients receiving proton pump inhibitor therapy. Sixty-eight GERD patients receiving proton pump inhibitor therapy completed the questionnaire before and after treatment for 8 weeks. There is a significant positive correlation between reflux symptoms and acid-related dyspepsia before and after therapy (r = 0.569 and r = 0.569; both P's < 0.001) and acid-related dyspepsia in patients with both nonerosive and erosive GERD. We conclude that GERD patients suffer not only from reflux symptoms, but also from acid-related dyspepsia, and proton pump inhibitors improve both types of symptoms.