Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of telithromycin after intravenous and oral administration to rats: contribution of intestinal first-pass effect to low bioavailability

J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2007;10(1):37-50.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of telithromycin after intravenous and oral administration and to find the reason for incomplete F value (first pass-effect) after intravenous, intraportal, intragastric, and intraduodenal administration to rats.

Methods: Telithromycin was administered intravenously or orally at doses of 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg to rats. And hepatic, gastric, and intestinal first-pass effects of telithromycin were also measured after intravenous, intraportal, intragastric, and intraduodenal administration at a dose of 50 mg/kg to rats.

Results: The dose-normalized AUC values of telithromycin were dose-dependent (increased with increasing doses) after both intravenous and oral dose ranges studied, possibly due to saturable metabolism of telithromycin. After oral administration (50 mg/kg), approximately 4.06% of oral dose was not absorbed, F was approximately 27.5%, and the intestinal first-pass effect was approximately 63.4% of oral dose. The first-pass effects of telithromycin in the lung, heart, stomach, and liver were almost negligible, if any, in rats.

Conclusions: The low F of telithromycin at a dose of 50 mg/kg was mainly due to considerable intestinal first-pass effect, approximately 63.4% of oral dose, in rats.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Area Under Curve
  • Biological Availability
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Stability
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism*
  • Ketolides / administration & dosage
  • Ketolides / pharmacokinetics*
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Male
  • Protein Binding
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Serum Albumin / metabolism

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Ketolides
  • Serum Albumin
  • telithromycin