A form of peroneal palsy may be caused by crossing the legs. Two physical factors-pressure and tension - are the basic causes, although other factors may be contributory. Direct pressure is applied by the bones of the two legs, compressing the peroneal nerve between them at its superficial part near the head and neck of the fibula. The palsy may be overlooked as an integral part of a widespread disorder so that careful evaluation and observation of the patient's habits are required. Detection becomes especially difficult when the palsy is bilateral, for then the lesion by virtue of its symmetry blends more readily with associated polyneuritis. A case of recurrent peroneal palsy due to crossing the legs in a prolonged postoperative convalescence is reported in detail.