The article describes one of the occurring types of vasculitis in children. Discussing the essential manifestations of the disease it focuses on ocular symptoms as one of the major criteria. The diagnosis is often done on the basis of a clinical description further specified by laboratory and instrument techniques. Awareness of the symptoms typical of the disease, frequently identifiable even macroscopically, facilitates the early diagnosis. A differential diagnosis of febrile responses may include a wide range of possibilities considered including faulty conclusions consequently causing a delay in therapy, which may be fatal. With the Kawasaki disease a bilateral injection of bulbar conjunctiva is the first signal of objectification followed by frequent acute bilateral iridocyclitis with delayed development and prolonged duration. Thus the problem of a red eye and febrile responses may suggest the above-mentioned serious diagnosis, which is at present, however, well-curable and recognisable with stress put on the time factor.