Part I of this article, which appeared in the previous issue of the Journal, covered general considerations, the physiology of the rectum, spreading of drugs into the colon, rectal absorption, partial avoidance of first-pass elimination, rate-controlled rectal delivery of drugs, irritation of the rectal mucosa and clinical applications of rectal administration, and discussed centrally acting drugs. In Part II, this discussion is extended to drugs which act peripherally and to methods of enhancing rectal drug absorption. The overall summary appeared in Part I.