TGF-β signaling in breast cancer cell invasion and bone metastasis

J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2011 Jun;16(2):97-108. doi: 10.1007/s10911-011-9217-1. Epub 2011 Apr 15.

Abstract

The contribution of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling to breast cancer has been studied for more than two decades. In an early phase TGF-β may act as a tumour suppressor, while later, when cells have become resistant to its anti-mitogenic effects, the role of TGF-β switches towards malignant conversion and progression. TGF-β stimulates cell invasion and modifies the microenvironment to the advantage of cancer cells. Studies have shown that TGF-β promotes bone and lung metastasis via different mechanisms. The therapeutic strategies to target the TGF-β pathway in breast cancer are becoming increasingly clear. This review will focus on the role TGF-β in breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism*

Substances

  • Transforming Growth Factor beta