A review of current guidelines and best practice recommendations for the management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer by the International Bladder Cancer Group

Abstract

Purpose: Although the European Association of Urology, First International Consultation on Bladder Tumors, National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American Urological Association guidelines all provide an excellent evidence-based framework for the management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, these guidelines vary with respect to important issues such as risk level definitions and management strategies for these risk categories. Therefore, we built on the existing framework provided by current guidelines, and provide consensus on the definitions of low, intermediate and high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, as well as practical recommendations for the treatment of patients in each of these risk categories.

Materials and methods: An international committee of experts on bladder cancer management identified and analyzed the European Association of Urology, First International Consultation on Bladder Tumors, National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American Urological Association guidelines as well as the published English language literature related to the treatment and management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer available as of April 2010.

Results: Based on review of the current guidelines and literature, the International Bladder Cancer Group developed practical recommendations for the management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

Conclusions: Complete transurethral bladder tumor resection is recommended for all patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. For low risk disease a single, immediate chemotherapeutic instillation after transurethral bladder tumor resection is recommended. For intermediate or high risk disease there is no significant benefit from an immediate, postoperative chemotherapeutic instillation. For intermediate risk disease intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin with maintenance or intravesical chemotherapy is recommended. For high risk disease bacillus Calmette-Guérin induction plus maintenance is recommended. The appropriate management of recurrence depends on the patient level of risk as well as previous treatment, while the management of treatment failure depends on the type of failure as well as the level of risk for recurrence and disease progression.