Streptococcus pneumoniae: the evolution of antimicrobial resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones and macrolides

Microbes Infect. 2012 Jul;14(7-8):573-83. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2012.01.012. Epub 2012 Feb 4.

Abstract

Multi drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae constitute a major public health concern worldwide. In this review we discuss how the transformable nature of the pneumococcus, in parallel with antimicrobial induced stress, contributes to the evolution of antimicrobial resistance; and how the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has affected the situation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*
  • Fluoroquinolones / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Macrolides / pharmacology*
  • Pneumococcal Infections / drug therapy*
  • Pneumococcal Infections / prevention & control
  • Pneumococcal Vaccines / therapeutic use
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / drug effects*
  • beta-Lactams / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Macrolides
  • Pneumococcal Vaccines
  • beta-Lactams