Angiogenin is a potent stimulator of angiogenesis. It interacts with endothelial cells and induces a wide range of cellular responses initiating a process of blood vessel formation. One important target of angiogenin is endothelial cell-surface actin, and their interaction might be one of crucial steps in angiogenin-induced neovascularization. Recently, it was shown that angiogenin inhibits polymerization of G-actin and changes the physical properties of F-actin. These observations suggest that angiogenin may cause changes in the cell cytoskeleton. This chapter reviews the current state of the literature regarding angiogenin structure and function and discusses the relationship between the angiogenin and actin and possible functional roles of their interaction.
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