Anti-inflammatory effects of Calophyllum inophyllum L. in RAW264.7 cells

Oncol Rep. 2012 Sep;28(3):1096-102. doi: 10.3892/or.2012.1873. Epub 2012 Jun 19.

Abstract

Calophyllum inophyllum L. has been used as folk medicine in the treatment of ocular burn and it has demonstrated potential to be an anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory activities of an acetone extract of C. inophyllum L. leaves (CIL). The CIL extract was tested on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells to evaluate the effect of CIL extract on the expression of nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Results showed that the CIL extract markedly suppressed the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide, as well as the expression of iNOS, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in a dose-dependent manner. LPS-induced microRNA (miR)-146a expression was inhibited by CIL extract, while miR-155 and miR-424 expression was not affected as demonstrated using quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Taken together, these observations show that CIL extract has anti-inflammatory effect, which extends the potential application for prevention of inflammatory diseases, and its mechanism may be partially associated with blocking COX-2 and iNOS of RAW 264.7 cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Biflavonoids / chemistry
  • Biflavonoids / isolation & purification
  • Calophyllum / chemistry*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / genetics
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
  • Mice
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / genetics
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
  • Oleanolic Acid / chemistry
  • Oleanolic Acid / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plant Leaves / chemistry*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Transcription Factor RelA / genetics
  • Transcription Factor RelA / metabolism

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Biflavonoids
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • MicroRNAs
  • Mirn146 microRNA, mouse
  • Mirn155 microRNA, mouse
  • Plant Extracts
  • Rela protein, mouse
  • Transcription Factor RelA
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Oleanolic Acid
  • amentoflavone
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Ptgs2 protein, mouse
  • Cyclooxygenase 2