Direct health-care costs attributed to hip fractures among seniors: a matched cohort study

Osteoporos Int. 2013 Feb;24(2):659-69. doi: 10.1007/s00198-012-2034-6. Epub 2012 Jun 27.

Abstract

Summary: Using a matched cohort design, we estimated the mean direct attributable cost in the first year after hip fracture in Ontario to be $36,929 among women and $39,479 among men. These estimates translate into an annual $282 million in direct attributable health-care costs in Ontario and $1.1 billion in Canada.

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a major public health concern that results in substantial fracture-related morbidity and mortality. It is well established that hip fractures are the most devastating consequence of osteoporosis, yet the health-care costs attributed to hip fractures in Canada have not been thoroughly evaluated.

Methods: We determined the 1- and 2-year direct attributable costs and cost drivers associated with hip fractures among seniors in comparison to a matched non-hip fracture cohort using health-care administrative data from Ontario (2004-2008). Entry into long-term care and deaths attributable to hip fracture were also determined.

Results: We successfully matched 22,418 female (mean age = 83.3 years) and 7,611 male (mean age = 81.3 years) hip fracture patients. The mean attributable cost in the first year after fracture was $36,929 (95 % CI $36,380-37,466) among women and $39,479 (95 % CI $38,311-$40,677) among men. These estimates translate into an annual $282 million in direct attributable health-care costs in Ontario and $1.1 billion in Canada. Primary cost drivers were acute and post-acute institutional care. Approximately 24 % of women and 19 % of men living in the community at the time of fracture entered a long-term care facility, and 22 % of women and 33 % of men died within the first year following hip fracture. Attributable costs remained elevated into the second year ($9,017 among women, $10,347 among men) for patients who survived the first year.

Conclusions: We identified significant health-care costs, entry into long-term care, and mortality attributed to hip fractures. Results may inform health economic analyses and policy decision-making in Canada.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Health Care Costs / statistics & numerical data*
  • Health Resources / statistics & numerical data
  • Health Services Research / methods
  • Hip Fractures / economics*
  • Hip Fractures / epidemiology
  • Hip Fractures / therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Ontario / epidemiology
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / economics*
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / epidemiology
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Sex Distribution
  • Sex Factors
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome