SS18-SSX2 and the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in mouse and human synovial sarcomas

Oncogene. 2013 May 2;32(18):2365-71, 2375.e1-5. doi: 10.1038/onc.2012.247. Epub 2012 Jul 16.

Abstract

Synovial sarcoma is a deadly malignancy with limited sensitivity to traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy. SS18-SSX fusion oncogene expression characterizes human synovial sarcomas and drives oncogenesis in a mouse model. Elevated expression of BCL2 is considered a consistent feature of the synovial sarcoma expression profile. Our objective was to evaluate the expression of apoptotic pathway members in synovial sarcomas and interrogate the impact of modulating SS18-SSX expression on this pathway. We show in human and murine synovial sarcoma cells that SS18-SSX increases BCL2 expression, but represses other anti-apoptotic genes, including MCL1 and BCL2A1. This repression is achieved by directly suppressing expression via binding through activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) to the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) response element (CRE) in the promoters of these genes and recruiting TLE1/Groucho. The suppression of these two anti-apoptotic pathways silences the typical routes by which other tumors evade BH3-domain peptidomimetic pharmacotherapy. We show that mouse and human synovial sarcoma cells are sensitive in vitro to ABT-263, a BH3-peptidomimetic, much more than the other tested cancer cell lines. ABT-263 also enhances the sensitivity of these cells to doxorubicin, a traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy used for synovial sarcoma. We also demonstrate the capacity of ABT-263 to stunt synovial sarcomagenesis in vivo in a genetic mouse model. These data recommend pursuit of BH3-peptidomimetic pharmacotherapy in human synovial sarcomas.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Activating Transcription Factor 2 / genetics
  • Aniline Compounds / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / genetics*
  • Doxorubicin / pharmacology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
  • Mitochondria / genetics*
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein
  • Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / genetics*
  • Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
  • Sarcoma, Synovial / drug therapy
  • Sarcoma, Synovial / genetics*
  • Sarcoma, Synovial / metabolism
  • Sarcoma, Synovial / pathology*
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology

Substances

  • ATF2 protein, human
  • Activating Transcription Factor 2
  • Aniline Compounds
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • BCL2-related protein A1
  • Mcl1 protein, mouse
  • Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
  • Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein
  • Oncogene Proteins, Fusion
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • SYT-SSX fusion protein
  • Sulfonamides
  • Doxorubicin
  • navitoclax