Adiponectin gene variant interacts with fish oil supplementation to influence serum adiponectin in older individuals

J Nutr. 2013 Jul;143(7):1021-7. doi: 10.3945/jn.112.172585. Epub 2013 May 8.

Abstract

Marine n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) activate the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ), which modulates the expression of adiponectin. We investigated the interaction of dietary n3 PUFAs with adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes as a determinant of serum adiponectin concentration. The Modulation of Atherosclerosis Risk by Increasing Doses of n3 Fatty Acids study is a parallel design, double-blind, controlled trial. Serum adiponectin was measured in 142 healthy men and 225 women aged 45-70 y randomized to treatment with doses of 0.45, 0.9, and 1.8 g/d 20:5n3 and 22:6n3 (1.51:1), or placebo for 12 mo. The 310 participants who completed the study were genotyped for 5 SNPs at the ADIPOQ locus: -11391 G/A (rs17300539), -11377 C/G (rs266729), -10066 G/A (rs182052), +45 T/G (rs2241766), and +276 G/T (rs1501299). The -11391 A-allele was associated with a higher serum adiponectin concentration at baseline (n = 290; P < 0.001). The interaction between treatment and age as a determinant of adiponectin was significant in participants aged >58 y after the highest dose (n = 92; P = 0.020). The interaction between +45 T/G and treatment and age was a nominally significant determinant of serum adiponectin after adjustment for BMI, gender, and ethnicity (P = 0.029). Individuals homozygous for the +45 T-allele aged >58 y had a 22% increase in serum adiponectin concentration compared with baseline after the highest dose (P-treatment effect = 0.008). If substantiated in a larger sample, a diet high in n3 PUFAs may be recommended for older individuals, especially those of the +45 TT genotype who have reported increased risk of hypoadiponectinemia, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adiponectin / blood*
  • Adiponectin / genetics*
  • Aged
  • Alleles
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA / isolation & purification
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Fish Oils / administration & dosage*
  • Genetic Loci
  • Homozygote
  • Humans
  • Insulin / blood
  • Linear Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • PPAR gamma / genetics
  • PPAR gamma / metabolism
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
  • Triglycerides / blood

Substances

  • Adiponectin
  • Blood Glucose
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Fish Oils
  • Insulin
  • PPAR gamma
  • Triglycerides
  • DNA

Associated data

  • ISRCTN/ISRCTN66664610