1. Effects of cerebroventricular and/or intravenous infusions of neurotensin (NT), an endogenous tridecapeptide, on haemodynamics and renal function were investigated in chloralose anaesthetized dogs. 2. Cerebroventricular infusions (i.c.v.) of NT (10-6 mol/L and 10-5 mol/L, 0.1 mL/min) for 30 min did not produce any significant alterations in the measured variables. In the vagotomized dogs, intravenous (i.v.) infusion of NT (10(-5) mol/L) at a rate of 0.1 mL/min for 30 min significantly lowered the arterial blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate; these effects were accompanied by pronounced reductions in the urine flow and urinary sodium excretion and marked increases in urine osmolality. 3. In the dogs with vagi intact, i.v. infusions of NT failed to produce any alterations in the blood pressure; however, renal effects of NT were essentially identical to those observed in the vagotomized dogs. 4. Infusions of NT (10(-6) mol/L) and/or NT-metabolites NT1-8 and NT8-13 (10(-5) mol/L) directly into the renal artery failed to produce any significant alterations in the urine flow. Antidiuretic effects of i.v. NT were not prevented by acute renal denervation, adrenalectomy, or pretreatment of the animals with naloxone. However, morphine pretreatment completely abolished the hypotensive and anti-diuretic effects of NT. 5. It is proposed that i.v. infusion of NT rapidly facilitates the secretion of an endogenous substance possessing potent antidiuretic properties and opiate mechanisms are involved in mediating such an effect. Although it appears unlikely, a role for vasopressin cannot be ruled out.