The soldier defense secretions of major and minor soldiers of the East African nasute termiteTrinervitermes bettonianus were analyzed chromatographically and spectrometrically, and the diterpene and monoterpene constituents were determined for three allopatric populations. Incipient colonies from one population raised on food from a second population produced their population-specific terpene pattern independent of food source. Secretion compositions are thus genetically rather than nutritionally determined, in agreement with biosynthetic studies in other nasutes. A minor volatile constitutent, previously proposed to be 3-ethyl-2-octanol was re-identified as (R)-2-decanol.