Dietary fat intake and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Cancer Epidemiol. 2014 Oct;38(5):528-37. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.07.011. Epub 2014 Aug 22.

Abstract

There are inconsistent and limited data available to assess the relationship between fat intake and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We examined the consumption of total fat, fat sources and fat subtypes in relation to risk of EOC and its major histologic subtypes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition which includes incident invasive (n=1095) and borderline (n=96) EOC. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In multivariate models, we observed no association with consumption of total fat, animal or plant fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, monounsaturated fat, or fatty fish and risk of invasive EOC. There was, however, an increased risk of invasive EOC in the highest category of intake (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1) of polyunsaturated fat (HR=1.22, 95% CI=1.02-1.48, P(trend)=0.02). We did not observe heterogeneity in the risk associations in comparisons of serous and endometrioid histologic subtypes. This study does not support an etiological role for total fat intake in relation to EOC risk; however, based on observations of a positive association between intake of polyunsaturated fat and invasive EOC risk in the current and previous studies, this fat subtype warrants further investigation to determine its potential role in EOC development.

Keywords: Dietary fats; Ovarian cancer; Serous neoplasms; Unsaturated dietary fats.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
  • Dietary Fats / administration & dosage*
  • Dietary Fats / adverse effects
  • Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / administration & dosage*
  • Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / epidemiology*
  • Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / etiology
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / etiology
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk

Substances

  • Dietary Fats
  • Dietary Fats, Unsaturated