Curious (Old and New) Antiviral Nucleoside Analogues with Intriguing Therapeutic Potential

Curr Med Chem. 2015;22(34):3866-80. doi: 10.2174/0929867322666150625094705.

Abstract

In the current context of antiviral drug development, which has been traditionally dominated by herpesviruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), a new viral target has been recently gained unforeseen attention, Ebola virus. Ten nucleoside analogues, or categories thereof, are reviewed for their therapeutic potential as antiviral drugs: (i) BCX4430, a C-nucleoside; (ii) 4'-azido-, 4'-cyano-, and 4'-ethynyl derivatives; (iii) 4'-thionucleosides; (iv) cordycepin (3'-deoxyadeosine); (v) pyrazofurin, another C-nucleoside; (vi) neplanocin A analogues; (vii) EICAR, a ribavirin analogue; (viii) GR-92938X, a double carboxamide; (ix) sofosbuvir (Solvaldi(®)), a 2'-C-methylnucleoside; and (x) favipiravir (T-705), a pyrazine analogue.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenosine / chemistry
  • Adenosine / pharmacology
  • Amides / chemistry
  • Amides / pharmacology
  • Antiviral Agents / chemistry*
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
  • Deoxyadenosines / chemistry
  • Deoxyadenosines / pharmacology
  • Ebolavirus / drug effects
  • HIV / drug effects
  • Hepacivirus / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Nucleosides / chemistry*
  • Nucleosides / pharmacology
  • Pyrazines / chemistry
  • Pyrazines / pharmacology

Substances

  • Amides
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Deoxyadenosines
  • Nucleosides
  • Pyrazines
  • neplanocin A
  • cordycepin
  • Adenosine