Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common and the economic burden of these injuries is high. However, the optimal management of a torn ACL of the knee is still controversial. Anterior cruciate ligament surgery is not suitable for all patients; there are some indications for non-surgical treatment with a strict neuromuscular rehabilitation program in selected patients. Neuromuscular rehabilitation is also necessary prior to ACL reconstruction. This is crucial for the primary and secondary prevention, too.