The mandibular glands of 6 male and 6 female volcano rabbits were examined by means of light and transmission electron microscopy. The acinar cells of the glands were seromucous in nature, and contained faintly basophilic granules. The cells were classified into the light cells containing granules of low or moderate densities and the clear cells having polygonal granules of low density. The preacinar cells were occasionally observed at the site between acinus and intercalated duct. These cells had many weakly basophilic granules which contained fine granular materials of moderate density. The intercalated ducts were composed of light cells containing cored granules. The striated duct cells consisted of light cells and dark cells. Both of them contained a few vacuoles and vesicles, but no secretory granules. No sex-and age-related differences were observed in the mandibular gland of the volcano rabbit. The mandibular gland of the volcano rabbit was similar to the rabbit mandibular gland rather than the pika mandibular gland morphologically.