To investigate the correlation between certain unhealthy lifestyles and the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), thus to provide the lifestyle guidelines for GERD patients. Methods: Retrospective study were conducted for 402 GERD and 276 non-GERD out-patients in Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from August, 2014 to August, 2015 based on questionnaire survey, then the correlation of unhealthy lifestyles with GERD were analyzed. Results: The top 10 common symptoms for GERD were as follows: reflux, acid regurgitation, postprandial fullness, heartburn, swallow obstruction or pain, epigastric burning sensation, paraesthesia pharynges, poststernal pain, chronic laryngopharyngitis, and chronic cough. The top 8 unhealthy habits closely related to GERD were as follows: fast-eating, over-eating, spicy preferred diet, sweets preferred diet, anxious, soup preferred diet, high-fat diet, and hot eating. Single-factor analysis showed that GERD was markedly correlated to gender (male), age (≥60 years), BMI, smoking, alcohol, fast-eating, over-eating, hot-eating, spicy preferred diet, high-fat diet, acid preferred diet, sweets preferred diet, hard food preference, strong tea preference, coffee preference, immediately on bed after meal, difficult defecation, dyscoimesis, anxious, and too tight belt, respectively (P<0.05). Logistic multiple regression analysis indicated that the largest risk factor for GERD was the fast-eating (OR=3.214, 95% CI 2.171 to 4.759, P<0.001) followed by the over-eating (OR=2.936, 95% CI 1.981 to 4.350, P<0.001), elderly population (OR=2.047, 95% CI 1.291 to 3.244, P=0.002), too tight belt (OR=2.003, 95% CI 1.013 to 3.961, P=0.046), and hot-eating (OR=1.570, 95% CI 1.044 to 2.362, P=0.030). Conclusion: The elderly people are at high risk for GERD, and unhealthy habits like fast-eating, over-eating, too tight belt, and hot-eating is closely related to GERD. The lifestyles such as chewing food thoroughly, splitting the meals up, warm and cool diet, keeping patients out of the too tight belt are necessary for GERD patients.
目的：探讨不良生活习惯与胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease，GERD)发病的相关性，为临床上给GERD患者进行生活指导提供参考。方法：选取2014年8月至2015年8月期间在中南大学湘雅三医院消化内科门诊就诊的402例GERD患者作为病例组，另选取276例非GERD患者为对照组，通过问卷调查了解GERD患者的不良生活习惯，回顾性分析其与GERD发病的相关性。结果：GERD主要症状发生率前10项依次为反流、反酸、餐后饱胀、烧心、吞咽梗阻或疼痛、上腹部烧灼感、咽部异物感、胸骨后疼痛、慢性咽喉炎、慢性咳嗽。GERD组及非GERD组各种不良生活习惯发生率前8项依次为进食过快、进食过饱、偏好辛辣食物、偏好甜食、紧张焦虑、偏好喝汤、偏好高脂食物、进食过烫。单因素分析显示性别(男性)、年龄(≥60岁老年人群)、BMI、吸烟、饮酒、进食过快、进食过饱、进食过烫、偏好辛辣食物、偏好高脂食物、偏好酸性食物、偏好甜食、偏好硬食、偏好浓茶、偏好咖啡、饭后立即卧床、排便困难、睡眠困难、紧张焦虑、腰带过紧与GERD具有相关性(P<0.05)。Logistic多元回归分析显示：GERD的危险因素由大到小依次为进食过快(OR=3.214，95% CI：2.171~4.759，P<0.001)、进食过饱(OR=2.936，95% CI：1.981~4.350，P<0.001)、老年人群(OR=2.047，95% CI：1.291~3.244，P=0.002)、腰带过紧(OR=2.003 ，95% CI：1.013~3.961，P=0.046)、进食过烫(OR=1.570，95% CI：1.044~2.362，P=0.030)。结论：GERD在老年人群中高发，GERD的发病与进食过快、进食过饱、腰带过紧、进食过烫等不良生活习惯相关。临床可指导GERD患者进食细嚼慢咽、少吃多餐，避免腰带过紧，提倡温凉饮食，以预防和减少GERD的发生。.