Additive manufacturing of metals: a brief review of the characteristic microstructures and properties of steels, Ti-6Al-4V and high-entropy alloys

Stéphane Gorsse; Christopher Hutchinson; Mohamed Gouné; Rajarshi Banerjee

doi:10.1080/14686996.2017.1361305

Additive manufacturing of metals: a brief review of the characteristic microstructures and properties of steels, Ti-6Al-4V and high-entropy alloys

Sci Technol Adv Mater. 2017 Aug 25;18(1):584-610. doi: 10.1080/14686996.2017.1361305. eCollection 2017.

Authors

Stéphane Gorsse^{1

2}, Christopher Hutchinson^{3

4}, Mohamed Gouné¹, Rajarshi Banerjee⁵

Affiliations

¹ CNRS, ICMCB, Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
² ENSCBP, Bordeaux INP, Pessac, France.
³ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
⁴ Woodside Innovation Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
⁵ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.

Abstract

We present a brief review of the microstructures and mechanical properties of selected metallic alloys processed by additive manufacturing (AM). Three different alloys, covering a large range of technology readiness levels, are selected to illustrate particular microstructural features developed by AM and clarify the engineering paradigm relating process-microstructure-property. With Ti-6Al-4V the emphasis is placed on the formation of metallurgical defects and microstructures induced by AM and their role on mechanical properties. The effects of the large in-built dislocation density, surface roughness and build atmosphere on mechanical and damage properties are discussed using steels. The impact of rapid solidification inherent to AM on phase selection is highlighted for high-entropy alloys. Using property maps, published mechanical properties of additive manufactured alloys are graphically summarized and compared to conventionally processed counterparts.

Keywords: 10 Engineering and Structural materials; 106 Metallic materials; 3D printing; Additive manufacturing; Ti alloys; microstructure; steels, high entropy alloys.