Valvular involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis: Case report and systematic review of literature

Echocardiography. 2018 Sep;35(9):1456-1463. doi: 10.1111/echo.14094. Epub 2018 Jul 8.

Abstract

Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic inflammatory condition; however, patients with GPA rarely experience endocardial valve lesions.

Methods: We report a GPA case with tricuspid valve destruction together with a systematic review to highlight the characteristics of all previously reported GPA cases with valvular involvement.

Results: Among 36 cases included, the aortic valve was involved in 15 (41.7%) cases while the mitral valve was involved in 9 (25%) subjects. Combined lesion of both aortic and mitral valves was reported in 9 (25%) patients.

Conclusion: We recommend routine echocardiography examination to rule out any cardiac valve lesion once GPA is suspected.

Keywords: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis; Tricuspid valve; endocardial valves; Wegener's granulomatosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aortic Valve / physiopathology*
  • Echocardiography / methods*
  • Female
  • Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / complications*
  • Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / physiopathology
  • Heart Valve Diseases / complications*
  • Heart Valve Diseases / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Mitral Valve / physiopathology*