Association of weight gain and fifteen adipokines with declining beta-cell function in Mexican Americans

PLoS One. 2018 Aug 13;13(8):e0201568. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201568. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Obesity and adipokines are associated with development of type 2 diabetes. However, limited longitudinal studies have examined their roles on declining β-cell function over time. This report assessed three adiposity measures (BMI, percent body fat, trunk fat), insulin resistance, and fifteen adipokines in relationship to longitudinal change in β-cell function measured by disposition index (DI) from frequently-sampled-intravenous-glucose-tolerance testing. The results showed that three factors were significantly and independently associated with rate of change in DI over time: rate of change in BMI (negative), rate of change in IL-6 (negative), and baseline adiponectin (positive). The association was the strongest for changing BMI and was largely explained by changing insulin resistance; the association with changing IL-6 was also largely explained by changing insulin resistance. Baseline adiponectin remained positively associated after adjustment for changing insulin resistance, suggesting an independent effect of adiponectin to preserve or improve β-cell function. These findings provide evidence and potential mechanisms for the role of obesity in promoting β-cell dysfunction, highlighting the potential importance of mitigating obesity and its metabolic effects in preventing and treating type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adipokines / blood*
  • Adult
  • Female
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / physiology*
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Mexican Americans
  • Obesity
  • Weight Gain*

Substances

  • Adipokines