Mango phenolics increase the serum apolipoprotein A1/B ratio in rats fed high cholesterol and sodium cholate diets

J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Mar 15;99(4):1604-1612. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9340. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Abstract

Background: Serum lipoproteins are in dynamic equilibrium, partially controlled by the apolipoprotein A1 to apolipoprotein B ratio (APOA1/APOB). Freeze-dried mango pulp (FDM) is a rich source of phenolic compounds (MP) and dietary fiber (MF), although their effects on lipoprotein metabolism have not yet been studied.

Results: Thirty male Wistar rats were fed with four different isocaloric diets (3.4 kcal g-1 ) for 12 weeks: control diet, high cholesterol (8 g kg-1 ) + sodium cholate (2 g kg-1 ) diet either alone or supplemented with MF (60 g kg-1 ), MP (1 g kg-1 ) or FDM (50 g kg-1 ). MP and FDM reduced food intake, whereas MF and MP tended to increase serum APOA1/APOB ratio, independently of their hepatic gene expression. This suggests that lipoprotein metabolism was favorably altered by mango bioactives, MP also mitigated the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis that resulted from the intake of this diet.

Conclusion: We propose that phenolics are the most bioactive components of mango pulp, acting as anti-atherogenic and hepatoprotective agents, with a mechanism of action tentatively based on changes to the main protein components of lipoproteins. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Keywords: cholesterol; hepatoprotection; lipoprotein; liver; mango; rat.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apolipoprotein A-I / blood*
  • Apolipoproteins B / blood*
  • Cholesterol / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mangifera / chemistry
  • Mangifera / metabolism*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / diet therapy*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / metabolism
  • Phenol / analysis
  • Phenol / metabolism*
  • Plant Extracts / administration & dosage*
  • Plant Extracts / analysis
  • Plant Extracts / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Sodium Cholate / metabolism*

Substances

  • Apolipoprotein A-I
  • Apolipoproteins B
  • Plant Extracts
  • Phenol
  • Cholesterol
  • Sodium Cholate