Localization of αA-Crystallin in Rat Retinal Müller Glial Cells and Photoreceptors

Microsc Microanal. 2018 Oct;24(5):545-552. doi: 10.1017/S1431927618015118. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Abstract

Transparent cells in the vertebrate optical tract, such as lens fiber cells and corneal epithelium cells, have specialized proteins that somehow permit only a low level of light scattering in their cytoplasm. It has been shown that both cell types contain (1) beaded intermediate filaments as well as (2) α-crystallin globulins. It is known that genetic and chemical alterations to these specialized proteins induce cytoplasmic opaqueness and visual complications. Crystallins were described previously in the retinal Müller cells of frogs. In the present work, using immunocytochemistry, fluorescence confocal imaging, and immuno-electron microscopy, we found that αA-crystallins are present in the cytoplasm of retinal Müller cells and in the photoreceptors of rats. Given that Müller glial cells were recently described as "living light guides" as were photoreceptors previously, we suggest that αA-crystallins, as in other highly transparent cells, allow Müller cells and photoreceptors to minimize intraretinal scattering during retinal light transmission.

Keywords: Müller cells; crystallins; immunogold; retina; transparency.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cytoplasm / metabolism
  • Ependymoglial Cells / cytology
  • Ependymoglial Cells / metabolism*
  • Eye / pathology
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Lens, Crystalline / chemistry
  • Lens, Crystalline / metabolism*
  • Light
  • Microscopy, Immunoelectron
  • Neuroglia / metabolism*
  • Optical Imaging
  • Photoreceptor Cells / cytology
  • Photoreceptor Cells / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Retina / cytology
  • Retina / metabolism
  • Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / cytology
  • Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / metabolism
  • alpha-Crystallin A Chain / chemistry
  • alpha-Crystallin A Chain / metabolism
  • alpha-Crystallins / chemistry
  • alpha-Crystallins / metabolism*

Substances

  • alpha-Crystallin A Chain
  • alpha-Crystallins