Bacterial profile of the supragingival dental biofilm in children with deciduous and early mixed dentition using next generation sequencing (HOMINGS) technique

Abstract

Objective: Tdescribe the bacterial profile of the supragingival biofilm of children with temporary dentition (CTD) and early mixed dentition (CEMD), with the next-generation sequencing (HOMINGS) technique.

Method: A comparative descriptive study was carried out with 30 systemically healthy children aged between 5 and 7 years old from public schools in Cartagena-Colombia. All participants were caries-free applying the criteria of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) and had no caries experience according to the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Supragingival biofilm samples were collected. Bacterial DNA was extracted and used for analysis using HOMINGS (Human Oral Microbe Identification using Next-Generation Sequencing) based on the sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (V3-V4 primers).

Results: A total of 360 species-specific and 65 genus-specific probes were identified. The bacterial genus most predominant in CTD were Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Veillonella and Fusobacterium (29.2% of all bacterial DNA present), while in CEMD the most predominant were Streptococcus, Leptotrichia, TM7 and Porphyromonas (24.5% of all bacterial DNA present). The bacterial species with the highest relative abundance in the oral biofilm microbiome from CTD were Streptococcus sanguinis, Rothia aeria, Gemella haemolysans, while in CEMD they were S. sanguinis, Leptotrichia spp. HOT-417 and Leptotrichia spp. HOT-498. The Shannon diversity index was 2.77 (SD=0.26) for CTD and 3.01 (SD=0.39) for CEMD (P=0.06).

Conclusions: The analysis of the bacterial profile of the supragingival dental biofilm in children with DMFT, by means of HOMINGS showed low microbiological diversity both in presence and in relative abundance in terms of genus as well as bacterial species.

Keywords: Bacteria; Bacterias; Biofilms; Biopelículas; Deciduous teeth; Dentición mixta; Diente temporal; Mixed dentition.