Alcoholic beverages as trigger factor and the effect on alcohol consumption behavior in patients with migraine

Eur J Neurol. 2019 Apr;26(4):588-595. doi: 10.1111/ene.13861. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Alcoholic beverages are frequently reported migraine triggers. We aimed to assess self-reported alcohol consumption as a migraine attack trigger and to investigate the effect on alcohol consumption behavior in a large migraine cohort.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, web-based, questionnaire study among 2197 patients with migraine from the well-defined Leiden University MIgraine Neuro-Analysis (LUMINA) study population. We assessed alcoholic beverage consumption and self-reported trigger potential, reasons behind alcohol abstinence and time between alcohol consumption and migraine attack onset.

Results: Alcoholic beverages were reported as a trigger by 35.6% of participants with migraine. In addition, over 25% of patients with migraine who had stopped consuming or never consumed alcoholic beverages did so because of presumed trigger effects. Wine, especially red wine (77.8% of participants), was recognized as the most common trigger among the alcoholic beverages. However, red wine consistently led to an attack in only 8.8% of participants. Time of onset was rapid (<3 h) in one-third of patients and almost 90% had an onset <10 h independent of beverage type.

Conclusions: Alcoholic beverages, especially red wine, are recognized as a migraine trigger factor by patients with migraine and have a substantial effect on alcohol consumption behavior. Rapid onset of provoked migraine attacks in contrast to what is known about hangover headache might point to a different mechanism. The low consistency of provocation suggests that alcoholic beverages acting as a singular trigger is insufficient and may depend on a fluctuating trigger threshold.

Keywords: alcohol; migraine; provocation; trigger; wine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alcohol Drinking / adverse effects*
  • Alcohol Drinking / psychology
  • Alcoholic Beverages / adverse effects*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Migraine Disorders / etiology*
  • Precipitating Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult