CAR T-cell therapy: Full speed ahead

Hematol Oncol. 2019 Jun:37 Suppl 1:95-100. doi: 10.1002/hon.2591.

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has dramatically shifted the landscape of treatment for lymphoid malignancies, especially diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, there continue to be significant limitations of this therapy, such as incomplete or nonsustained responses and severe toxicities in a subset of patients. Furthermore, expanding the role of CAR T-cell therapy to new disease types is an important next step. In this review, we will highlight landmark trials for anti-CD19 CAR T cells and first-in-human trials of novel CARs, as well as discuss promising innovative CAR designs that are still undergoing preclinical development. Lastly, we will discuss toxicity and mechanisms of CAR T-cell resistance and failure, as well as potential future treatment approaches to these common issues.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD19
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Genetic Engineering
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
  • Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / genetics
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / metabolism*
  • Research
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antigens, CD19
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen