Neonatal diabetes mellitus due to a novel variant in the INS gene

Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2019 Aug 1;5(4):a004085. doi: 10.1101/mcs.a004085. Print 2019 Aug.

Abstract

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare condition that presents with diabetes in the first few months of life. The treatment of NDM may differ depending on the genetic etiology, with numerous studies showing the benefit of sulfonylurea therapy in cases caused by mutations in KCNJ11 or ABCC8 Mutations in the insulin gene (INS) have also been identified as causes of NDM; these cases are generally best treated with insulin alone. We report a case of a female infant born small for gestational age (SGA) at late preterm diagnosed with NDM at 7 wk of life who was found by rapid whole-genome sequencing to harbor a novel de novo c.26C>G (p.Pro9Arg) variant in the INS gene. She presented with diabetic ketoacidosis, which responded to insulin therapy. She did not respond to empiric trial of sulfonylurea therapy early in her hospital course, and it was discontinued once a genetic diagnosis was made. Early genetic evaluation in patients presenting with NDM is essential to optimize therapeutic decision-making.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03211039.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; diabetic ketoacidosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus / genetics*
  • Diabetic Ketoacidosis / genetics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / genetics*
  • Insulin / genetics*
  • Mutation

Substances

  • Insulin

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03211039