Effect of whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training on body composition, muscular strength, functional capacity, and plasma-metabolism biomarkers in older women with sarcopenic obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Hellen C G Nabuco; Crisieli M Tomeleri; Rodrigo R Fernandes; Paulo Sugihara Junior; Edilaine F Cavalcante; Paolo M Cunha; Melissa Antunes; João Pedro Nunes; Danielle Venturini; Décio S Barbosa; Roberto Carlos Burini; Analiza M Silva; Luís B Sardinha; Edilson S Cyrino

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.04.007

Effect of whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training on body composition, muscular strength, functional capacity, and plasma-metabolism biomarkers in older women with sarcopenic obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019 Aug:32:88-95. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.04.007. Epub 2019 May 13.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Federal Institute of Science and Technology of Mato Grosso, Highway BR-364, Km 329, Cuiabá, MT 78106-970, Brazil; Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: hellen.nabuco@svc.ifmt.edu.br.
² Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil; Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Érico Veríssimo Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil. Electronic address: crisielitomeleri@gmail.com.
³ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: rodrigo.r.fernandes@gmail.com.
⁴ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: juniornutricao@hotmail.com.
⁵ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: edilainefungari@gmail.com.
⁶ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: pcunha88@hotmail.com.
⁷ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: melissa.antunes@hotmail.com.
⁸ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: joaonunes.jpn@hotmail.com.
⁹ Clinical Analyses Laboratory, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: danielle.venturini@bol.com.br.
¹⁰ Clinical Analyses Laboratory, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: sabbatini2011@hotmail.com.
¹¹ Exercise and Nutrition Metabolism Center, Department of Public Health, Botucatu School of Medicine, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-687, Brazil. Electronic address: burini@fmb.unesp.br.
¹² Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo 1499-002, Portugal. Electronic address: analiza@fmh.ulisboa.pt.
¹³ Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo 1499-002, Portugal. Electronic address: lbsardinha55@gmail.com.
¹⁴ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. Electronic address: edilsoncyrino@gmail.com.

PMID: 31221297
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.04.007

Abstract

Backgrounds & aims: Obesity and sarcopenia are independent illnesses associated with contemporary dietary and physical activity behaviors, aggravated by aging. Their coexistence is termed sarcopenic obesity (SO). Hence, increasing protein intake and resistance training (RT) are interventions that could counteract these illnesses. The objective of this investigation was to analyze the effects of whey protein (WP) supplementation associated with RT on body composition, muscular strength, functional capacity, and plasma-metabolism biomarkers in older women with SO.

Methods: Twenty six sarcopenic (appendicular lean soft tissue ALST < 15.02 kg) obese (body fat mass ≥ 35%) older women were randomly assigned to receive daily, either 35 g of WP (WP group) or placebo (PLA group), combined with supervised RT (8 exercises, 3 × 8-12 rep, 3 times a week), during a 12-week protocol. Blood samples, blood pressure, dietary intake, functional capacity tests, the one repetition maximum (1RM) test, and body composition were assessed before and after the intervention period. Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures was applied for comparisons.

Results: The WP group presented greater (P < 0.05) increases in ALST (WP = 6.0% vs. PLA = 2.5%) and decreases in (P < 0.05) total (-3.3% vs. -0.3%) and trunk fat mass (WP = -5.1% vs. PLA = -1.1) and IL-6 (WP = -34.6% vs. PLA = 9.3%) compared with the PLA group. Both groups demonstrated improved (P < 0.05) scores for muscular strength, waist-hip ratio, functional capacity, and other plasma-metabolism biomarkers without significant differences between conditions.

Conclusion: Whey protein combined with RT increased ALST, and decreased total and trunk fat mass, improving sarcopenia and decreasing SO in older women, with a limited impact on inflammation. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier n° NCT03752359.

Keywords: IL-6; Lean tissue; Obesity; Protein intake; Sarcopenia.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Biomarkers / metabolism
Body Composition
Dietary Supplements
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Muscle Strength
Obesity*
Resistance Training
Sarcopenia / blood
Sarcopenia / therapy*
Treatment Outcome
Whey Proteins / administration & dosage*

Substances

Biomarkers
Whey Proteins

Associated data

ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03752359