Neutral Polysaccharide from the Leaves of Pseuderanthemum carruthersii: Presence of 3- O-Methyl Galactose and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

Vo Hoai Bac; Berit Smestad Paulsen; Le Van Truong; Andreas Koschella; Tat Cuong Trinh; Christian Winther Wold; Suthajini Yogarajah; Thomas Heinze

doi:10.3390/polym11071219

Neutral Polysaccharide from the Leaves of Pseuderanthemum carruthersii: Presence of 3- O-Methyl Galactose and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

Polymers (Basel). 2019 Jul 22;11(7):1219. doi: 10.3390/polym11071219.

Authors

Vo Hoai Bac^{1

2

3}, Berit Smestad Paulsen⁴, Le Van Truong^{5

6}, Andreas Koschella⁷, Tat Cuong Trinh⁸, Christian Winther Wold⁴, Suthajini Yogarajah⁴, Thomas Heinze⁷

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam. vhbac@ibt.ac.vn.
² Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway. vhbac@ibt.ac.vn.
³ Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam. vhbac@ibt.ac.vn.
⁴ Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
⁵ Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁶ Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁷ Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstrasse, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
⁸ Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Protein Technology, Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Abstract

Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (Seem.) Guillaumin is a native tree in Vietnam. The water extract of the leaves from this tree gives a highly viscous product that has been used to heal wounds and treat inflammations. Our previous studies showed that the leaves of P. carruthersii have a high content of polysaccharides. In this study, the structure and influence of the neutral polysaccharide from Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (PCA1) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were investigated. The PCA1 isolated from P. carruthersii is a galactan-type polysaccharide, containing galactose (77.0%), 3-O-methyl galactose (20.0%), and arabinose (3.0%). Linkage analysis of PCA1 showed that both the 3-O-methyl galactose and galactose were 1,4-linked. The presence of 3-O-methyl galactose units as part of the polysaccharide is important and can be used as a chemotaxonomic marker. The molecular weight of the PCA1 was 170 kDa. A PCA1 concentration of 30-40 μg/mL strongly inhibited TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 inflammatory cytokine production, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release. PCA1 had inhibitory activities on pro-inflammatory cytokine and ROS release in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophages in vitro through MAPK signaling.

Keywords: 3-O-methyl galactose; MAPK; Pseuderanthemum carruthersii; inflammation; polysaccharides.