We report three cases of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver: the clinical onset of hepatic disease occurred between 24 and 30 months after renal transplantation. Nodular regenerative hyperplasia was associated with peliosis hepatitis in two cases, and with veno-occlusive disease in one case. Two patients developed portal hypertension, but are doing well. The third patient developed jaundice and died of septic shock. We discuss the aetiological role of renal transplantation, cytomegalovirus infection, and azathioprine in the development of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver.