N6-methyladenosine regulates the stability of RNA:DNA hybrids in human cells

Nat Genet. 2020 Jan;52(1):48-55. doi: 10.1038/s41588-019-0549-x. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Abstract

R-loops are nucleic acid structures formed by an RNA:DNA hybrid and unpaired single-stranded DNA that represent a source of genomic instability in mammalian cells1-4. Here we show that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, contributing to different aspects of messenger RNA metabolism5,6, is detectable on the majority of RNA:DNA hybrids in human pluripotent stem cells. We demonstrate that m6A-containing R-loops accumulate during G2/M and are depleted at G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle, and that the m6A reader promoting mRNA degradation, YTHDF2 (ref. 7), interacts with R-loop-enriched loci in dividing cells. Consequently, YTHDF2 knockout leads to increased R-loop levels, cell growth retardation and accumulation of γH2AX, a marker for DNA double-strand breaks, in mammalian cells. Our results suggest that m6A regulates accumulation of R-loops, implying a role for this modification in safeguarding genomic stability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Adenosine / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • DNA / chemistry*
  • DNA / drug effects
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA Damage
  • Genomic Instability*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mitosis
  • Pluripotent Stem Cells / cytology
  • Pluripotent Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • RNA / chemistry*
  • RNA / drug effects
  • RNA / genetics
  • RNA Stability / drug effects*
  • RNA, Messenger / chemistry
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / physiology*

Substances

  • RNA, Messenger
  • RNA-Binding Proteins
  • YTHDF2 protein, mouse
  • RNA
  • DNA
  • N-methyladenosine
  • Adenosine