Zika virus-spread, epidemiology, genome, transmission cycle, clinical manifestation, associated challenges, vaccine and antiviral drug development

Paul Pielnaa; Moyed Al-Saadawe; Adonira Saro; Marcelllin Faniriantsoahenrio Dama; Mei Zhou; Yanxia Huang; Jufang Huang; Zanxian Xia

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2020.01.015

Zika virus-spread, epidemiology, genome, transmission cycle, clinical manifestation, associated challenges, vaccine and antiviral drug development

Virology. 2020 Apr:543:34-42. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.01.015. Epub 2020 Feb 2.

Authors

Paul Pielnaa¹, Moyed Al-Saadawe², Adonira Saro¹, Marcelllin Faniriantsoahenrio Dama¹, Mei Zhou², Yanxia Huang¹, Jufang Huang³, Zanxian Xia⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
² Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
³ Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China. Electronic address: huangjufang@csu.edu.cn.
⁴ Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China. Electronic address: xiazanxian@sklmg.edu.cn.

PMID: 32056845
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.01.015

Abstract

Zika Virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus transmitted primarily via the bite of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Globally, 87 countries and territories have recorded autochthonous mosquito-borne transmission of ZIKV as at July 2019 and distributed across four of the six WHO Regions. Outbreaks of ZIKV infection peaked in 2016 and declined substantially throughout 2017 and 2018 in the Americas region. There is the likely risk for ZIKV to spread to more countries. There is also the potential for the re-emergence of ZIKV in all places with prior reports of the virus transmission. The current status of ZIKV transmission and spread is, however, a global health threat, and from the aforementioned, has the potential to re-emerge as an epidemic. This review summarizes the past and present spread of ZIKV outbreak-2007-2019, the genome, transmission cycle, clinical manifestations, vaccine and antiviral drug advancement.

Keywords: Antiviral drug development; Microcephaly; Neurological complications; Sexual transmission; Vaccine development; Zika virus (ZIKV).

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
Brazil / epidemiology
Cabo Verde / epidemiology
Disease Outbreaks
Female
Genome, Viral
Humans
Male
Mosquito Vectors / virology*
Pacific Islands / epidemiology
Viral Vaccines* / immunology
Zika Virus / genetics*
Zika Virus / immunology
Zika Virus / pathogenicity
Zika Virus Infection / diagnosis
Zika Virus Infection / drug therapy
Zika Virus Infection / epidemiology*
Zika Virus Infection / transmission*

Substances

Antiviral Agents
Viral Vaccines